Well, they increase your skill in those by a set amount. 250 dodge with 10% mod equals a skill of 275. So, that’s what they actually do. I suspect you are wanting the formula for how doge/riposte/etc work in game. Once you get those, the skill % modifiers are pretty self explanatory. And no, I don’t know the formula. Google/forum search might lead you to the information you seek.
The only formula I can find uses level 85 for a template and i'm not sure how to scale that one down properly to be frank, if there is a method to finding raw values that is tested and true I also can't find it posted about
tldr; % modifiers to defensive skills are nearly worthless and not worth going out of your way to gear for. Imp Dodge/Parry type mods are very good and should always been maintained at highest levels when available.
% mods increase the skill part of the dodge/etc equation. From this post: Illusions Benefit Neza: +10% dodge Here's how your chance to dodge is calculated: Step1 = HeroicStrikethrough(NPC) Step2 = HeroicAgility / 25 Step3 = MIN( Step1, Step2 ) Step4 = DodgeSkill + 100 Step5 = Step4 + ( DodgeSkill * DodgeSPA ) / 100 Step6 = Step5 / 45 DodgeChance = Step6 + ( Step2 - Step3 )